What Is Bulimia?

This informational handout provides a client-friendly overview of bulimia nervosa and ways to address it.

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Professional version

Offers theory, guidance, and prompts for mental health professionals. Downloads are in Fillable PDF format where appropriate.

Client version

Includes client-friendly guidance. Downloads are in Fillable PDF format where appropriate.

Overview

Our ‘What Is … ?’ series is a collection of one-page information handouts for common mental health conditions. Friendly and explanatory, handouts in the series describe how it can feel to struggle with a difficulty and are reliable sources of information for your clients. Drawing upon established cognitive behavioral models, each handout has a particular focus on maintaining factors that might prevent the problem from getting better.

What Is Bulimia? is designed to help clients with bulimia nervosa to understand more about their condition.

Why Use This Resource?

This resource is expertly designed to support clients by:

  • Describing key features of bulimia nervosa.
  • Explaining what keeps bulimia nervosa going.
  • Highlighting effective treatment options.
  • Fostering optimism about change and recovery.

Key Benefits

Educational

Provides a client-friendly description of bulimia nervosa.

Supportive

Normalizes the experience of bulimia nervosa and helps clients feel understood.

Insightful

Sheds light on factors that may be contributing to these difficulties.

Informative

Describes effective treatments for bulimia nervosa.

Encouraging

Reassures clients and instills hope.

Who is this for?

Bulimia Nervosa (BN)

Designed to help clients affected by bulimia nervosa.

Integrating it into your practice

01

Review

Discuss the common symptoms of bulimia nervosa.

02

Scaffold

Help the client understand how their symptoms fit together and make sense.

03

Explore

Explore what might be maintaining the client's difficulties.

04

Highlight

Point out treatments that can be effective for addressing these issues.

Theoretical Background & Therapist Guidance

Many people go through periods where they eat more or less than usual. If these episodes are extreme, distressing, or happen often, they may be a sign of bulimia nervosa. Bulimia is a type of eating disorder where you have episodes of binge-eating (eating large amounts of food in an uncontrolled way) and compensation (doing things to prevent weight gain such as vomiting or using laxatives). At some point in their lives, about 3 in every 100 women and 1 in every 100 men develop bulimia (van Eeden et al., 2021). Fortunately, psychological treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are very effective in overcoming bulimia.

The What Is Bulimia? information handout is designed to help clients with bulimia nervosa understand more about their condition. It includes a summary of the most common symptoms of bulimia and insights into why bulimia might not get better by itself, derived from the Fairburn, Cooper & Shafran (2003) transdiagnostic cognitive model of eating disorders.

What's inside

  • An overview of bulimia nervosa.
  • Insights into why bulimia nervosa persists.
  • Instructions for using the resource with clients.
  • Key references for learning more about these difficulties.
Get access to this resource

FAQs

Bulimia nervosa involves binge-eating episodes and compensatory behaviors such as vomiting to prevent weight gain.
It provides insights into how people experience bulimia nervosa, why it persists, and how it can be addressed.
It can be used to signpost clients to relevant treatments at assessment or help clients understand how their symptoms fit together at the start of therapy.

How This Resource Improves Clinical Outcomes

This resource enhances clinical outcomes by:

  • Providing a clear understanding and insight into bulimia nervosa.
  • Highlighting effective treatments for these issues.
  • Reassuring clients and fostering optimism.

References And Further Reading

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). American Psychiatric Pub.
  • Hay, P. (2013). A systematic review of evidence for psychological treatments in eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 46, 462-469.
  • NICE (2017). Eating Disorders: Recognition and Treatment. NICE Clinical Guideline 69. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
  • van Eeden, A. E., van Hoeken, D., & Hoek, H. W. (2021). Incidence, prevalence and mortality of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 34, 515-524.
  • World Health Organization. (2019). ICD-11: International classification of diseases (11th revision). Retrieved from https://icd.who.int/