What Is Worry?

This informational handout provides a client-friendly overview of worry and when it becomes problematic.

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Professional version

Offers theory, guidance, and prompts for mental health professionals. Downloads are in Fillable PDF format where appropriate.

Client version

Includes client-friendly guidance. Downloads are in Fillable PDF format where appropriate.

Editable version (PPT)

An editable Microsoft PowerPoint version of the resource.

Overview

Worrying is a form of thinking about the future, defined as thinking about future events in a way that leaves you feeling anxious or apprehensive. Clinically, excessive worry is the primary symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

The What Is Worry? information handout succinctly describes worry. It defines worry, draws a distinction between ‘real event’ and ‘hypothetical event’ worry, and describes a continuum of ‘normal’ to ‘excessive’ worry.

Why Use This Resource?

This resource is designed to support clients by:

  • Clearly defining of worry and its characteristics.
  • Distinguishing real vs. hypothetical worry.
  • Differentiating 'normal' and 'excessive' worry.

Key Benefits

Accessible

Provides a client-friendly description of worry.

Educational

Discusses the spectrum from normal worrying to excessive worrying.

Informative

Clarifies the difference between real and hypothetical worry.

Who is this for?

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Designed to help clients affected by GAD.

Integrating it into your practice

01

Review

Discuss why and how people worry.

02

Explore

Examine the different types of worry people experience.

03

Reflect

Explore how content and process of the client's worry.

Theoretical Background & Therapist Guidance

Worry has been defined as thinking about future events in a way that leaves individuals feeling anxious or apprehensive. Clinically, excessive worry is the primary symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Evidence seems to indicate that the content of worry in people with GAD concerns similar topics to ‘everyday’ worry, but that it is often concerned with more unlikely or remote events. The terms ‘hypothetical worry’ and ‘real event worry’ are often used to describe this distinction.  Other important differences are that people with GAD often experience their worries as uncontrollable, and will worry habitually instead of in response to particular triggers.

The What Is Worry? information handout succinctly describes worry. It defines worry, draws a distinction between ‘real event’ and ‘hypothetical event’ worry, and describes a continuum of ‘normal’ to ‘excessive’ worry. It also briefly describes the Laval perspective of generalized anxiety disorder in which intolerance of uncertainty is viewed as a prominent feature. It is helpful as both as a client handout and as a therapist primer.

What's inside

  • An overview of worry, including ‘real’ versus ‘hypothetical’ worry, and ‘normal’ versus ‘excessive’ worry.
  • Suggestions for using the resource.
  • Key references for learning more about these difficulties.
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FAQs

Real worries relate to existing problems affecting individuals, whereas hypothetical worries are about potential future issues that are not currently happening.
Worry becomes problematic when it disrupts the ability to live a fulfilling life or leaves individuals feeling overwhelmed, demoralized, and exhausted.

How This Resource Improves Clinical Outcomes

This handout assists clinicians with:

  • Educating clients on the nature of their worries.
  • Differentiating between types of worries.
  • Case conceptualization and treatment planning.

References And Further Reading

  • Borkovec, T. D., Robinson, E., Pruzinsky, T., & DePree, J. A. (1983). Preliminary exploration of worry: Some characteristics and processes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 21(1), 9-16.
  • Dugas, M. J., & Robichaud, M. (2007). Cognitive behavioral treatment for generalized anxiety disorder. Routledge.
  • Sibrava, N. J., & Borkovec, T. D. (2006). The cognitive avoidance theory of worry. Worry and its psychological disorders: Theory, assessment and treatment, 239-256.
  • Wilkinson, A., Meares, K., & Freeston, M. (2011). CBT for worry & generalised anxiety disorder. Sage.