Pain (Acute Pain And Chronic Pain)

Activity Diary (Hourly Time Intervals)
Worksheets
Activity Diary (No Time Intervals)
Worksheets
Activity Menu
Information handouts
Activity Planning
Worksheets
Audio Collection: Psychology Tools For Mindfulness
Audio
Audio Collection: Psychology Tools For Relaxation
Audio
Avoidance Hierarchy (Archived)
Archived
Behavioral Experiment
Worksheets
Behavioral Experiment (Portrait Format)
Worksheets
Being With Difficulty (Audio)
Audio
Body Scan (Audio)
Audio
Cognitive Behavioral Model Of Fear Of Body Sensations
Information handouts
Combined Relaxation Exercise (Audio)
Audio
Developing Psychological Flexibility
Information handouts
Emotions Motivate Actions
Information handouts
Evaluating Unhelpful Automatic Thoughts
Guides
Exercise For Mental Health
Information handouts
Externalizing
Information handouts
Fear Ladder
Worksheets
Health Anxiety Thought Record
Worksheets
Identifying The Meaning Of Body Sensations
Worksheets
Jumping To Conclusions
Information handouts
Mindful Attention (Audio)
Audio
Mindfulness In Everyday Life (Audio)
Audio
Mindfulness Of Breath (Long Version) (Audio)
Audio
Mindfulness Of Breath (Short Version) (Audio)
Audio
Mindfulness Of Sounds And Thoughts (Audio)
Audio
Pacing For Pain And Fatigue
Exercises
Pain Activity Diary
Worksheets
Pain Diary
Worksheets
Progressive Muscle Relaxation
Exercises
Progressive Muscle Relaxation (Archived)
Archived
Progressive Muscle Relaxation (Audio)
Audio
Raisin Exercise (Audio)
Audio
Relaxed Breathing Exercise 1 (Audio)
Audio
Relaxed Breathing Exercise 2 (Audio)
Audio
Relaxed Breathing Exercise 3 (Audio)
Audio
Relaxed Breathing Exercise 4 (Audio)
Audio
Sleep Diary
Worksheets
Thinking Versus Sensing (Audio)
Audio
Unhelpful Thinking Styles
Information handouts
VAS Scale
Exercises
What Does Exercise Do For the Mind And Body?
Information handouts
Assessment
- Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire – Revised (CPAQ-R) | McCracken, Vowles, Eccleston | 2004
- Scale download archived copy
- McCraken, L. M., Vowles, K. E. & Eccleston, C. (2004). Acceptance of chronic pain: component analysis and a revised assessment method. Pain, 107, 159-166.
- Illness Perception Questionnaire – Revised (IPQ-R) | Weinman, Petrie, Moss-Morris, Horne | 2002
- Scale download archived copy
- Moss-Morris, R., Weinman, J., Petrie, K., Horne, R., Cameron, L., & Buick, D. (2002). The revised illness perception questionnaire (IPQ-R). Psychology and health, 17(1), 1-16.
- Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) | Sullivan | 1995
- Manual + scale download archived copy
- Sullivan, M. J., Bishop, S. R., & Pivik, J. (1995). The pain catastrophizing scale: development and validation. Psychological Assessment, 7(4), 524.
Intervention
Treatment guidelines
- Guidelines for pain management programmes for adults | British Pain Society | 2013 download archived copy
Treatment manuals
- Life with chronic pain: an acceptance-based approach | Kevin Vowles, Sohn Sorrell | 2007 download archived copy
- Cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain – therapist manual download archived copy
- ACT for chronic pain | Lance McCracken | 2015 download archived copy
Information Handouts
- The Pain Toolkit – a helpful toolkit for people who live with persistent pain
paintoolkit.orgarchived copy - Pacing instructions with worked examples
archived copy - Pacing instructions archived copy
Worksheets
- Pain management diary download
Presentations
- Pain management: application of cognitive behavioral methods | Michael Nicholas download archived copy
- Lecture on fear avoidance in chronic pain | Johan Vlayen | 2008 archived copy
- A multidisciplinary facial pain service | Sarah Baker download archived copy
- Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Chronic Pain | Lance McCracken | 2015 download
Recommended Reading
- Acceptance and commitment therapy in the treatment of chronic pain – Dahl & Lundgren download archived copy
- McCracken, L. M., & Vowles, K. E. (2014). Acceptance and commitment therapy and mindfulness for chronic pain: model, process, and progress. American Psychologist, 69(2), 178 download
What Is Pain?
Signs and Symptoms of Acute and Chronic Pain
Pain is a multisensory experience with sensory and affective components. Sensory components of pain describe where the pain is, what it feels like, and how strong it is. Affective components of pain describe how the pain makes us feel. Therapists working with pain patients also find it helpful to assess and work with the behavioral, cognitive, functional, and social effects of pain.
Psychological Models and Theory of Acute and Chronic Pain
Fear-Avoidance Model of Chronic Pain
The fear-avoidance model of chronic pain (Vlaeyen & Linton, 2000) describes a trajectory followed by individuals experiencing acute pain who may become trapped in a vicious cycle of chronic disability and suffering. As a cognitive model it proposes that the appraisals pain patients form concerning their pain can lead to sequences that end in avoidance, deconditioning, and further pain and suffering. The fear-avoidance model of chronic pain is empirically well-supported but it has been argued that the next generation of the model needs to add motivational components including goals and self-regulatory processes (Crombez et al, 2012).
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) Model of Chronic Pain
ACT is a transdiagnostic approach to human difficulties that is popular among clinicians working with pain.
“The basic premise of ACT as applied to chronic pain is that while pain hurts, it is the struggle with pain that causes suffering … continuing attempts to control pain may be maladaptive, especially if they cause unwanted side effects or prevent involvement in valued activities, such as work, family, or community involvement” (Dahl & Lundgren, 2015).
References
- Crombez, G., Eccleston, C., Van Damme, S., Vlaeyen, J. W., & Karoly, P. (2012). Fear-avoidance model of chronic pain: The next generation. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 28(6), 475–483.
- Dahl, J., & Lundgren, T. (2015). Acceptance and commitment therapy in the treatment of chronic pain. Retrieved from: https://www.div12.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/ACT-in-the-treatment-of-chronic-pain.pdf
- Vlaeyen, J. W. S., & Linton, S. J. (2000). Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: A state of the art. Pain, 85(3), 317–332.